Last Updated:
October 10, 2024
Recommended and funded vaccines during pregnancy
This factsheet provides information on whooping cough, influenza and COVID-19 vaccinations, which are recommended during pregnancy.
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Overview
References
- Amirthalingam G, Andrews N, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, Kara E, Donegan K, et al. Effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination in England: An observational study. Lancet. 2014;384(9953):1521-8.
- Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy. Vaccination of the egg-allergic individual. Sydney: Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy; 2017.
- Baxter R, Bartlett J, Fireman B, Lewis E, Klein NP. Effectiveness of vaccination during pregnancy to prevent infant pertussis. Pediatrics. 2017;139(5):e20164091.
- Benowitz I, Esposito DB, Gracey KD, Shapiro ED, Vazquez M. Influenza vaccine given to pregnant women reduces hospitalization due to influenza in their infants. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2010;51(12):1355-61.
- Beytout J, Launay O, Guiso N, Fiquet A, Baudin M, Richard P, et al. Safety of Tdap-IPV given one month after Td-IPV booster in healthy young adults: A placebo-controlled trial. Hum Vaccin. 2009;5(5):315-21.
- Cox S, Posner S, McPheeters M, Jamieson D, Kourtis A, Meikle S. Hospitalizations with respiratory illness among pregnant women during influenza season. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2006;107(6):1315-22.
- Crowcroft NS, Pebody RG. Recent developments in pertussis. The Lancet. 2006;367(9526):1926-36.
- Dabrera G, Amirthalingam G, Andrews N, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, Kara E, et al. A case-control study to estimate the effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination in protecting newborn infants in England and Wales, 2012–2013. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2014.
- Eberhardt CS, Blanchard-Rohner G, Lemaître B, Combescure C, Othenin-Girard V, Chilin A, et al. Pertussis antibody transfer to preterm neonates after second- versus third-trimester maternal immunization. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64(8):1129-32.
- Eick AA, Uyeki TM, Klimov A, Hall H, Reid R, Santosham M, et al. Maternal influenza vaccination and effect on influenza virus infection in young infants. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. 2011;165(2):104-11.
- Esposito S, Bosis S, Morlacchi L, Baggi E, Sabatini C, Principi N. Can infants be protected by means of maternal vaccination? Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2012;18(Suppl 5):85-92.
- Flannery DD, Gouma S, Dhudasia MB, Mukhopadhyay S, Pfeifer MR, Woodford EC, et al. Assessment of maternal and neonatal cord blood SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and placental transfer ratios. JAMA Pediatr. 2021;175(6):594-600.
- Fortner KB, Kuller JA, Rhee EJ, Edwards KM. Influenza and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccinations during pregnancy. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey. 2012;67(4):251-7.
- Gall SA, Myers J, Pichichero M. Maternal immunization with tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis vaccine: Effect on maternal and neonatal serum antibody levels. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011;204(4):334.e1-5.
- Gkentzi D, Katsakiori P, Marangos M, Hsia Y, Amirthalingam G, Heath PT, et al. Maternal vaccination against pertussis: A systematic review of the recent literature. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. Published Online First: 03 May 2017.
- Gray KJ, Bordt EA, Atyeo C, Deriso E, Akinwunmi B, Young N, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: A cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Forthcoming 2021.
- Halperin SA, Sweet L, Baxendale D, Neatby A, Rykers P, Smith B, et al. How soon after a prior tetanus-diphtheria vaccination can one give adult formulation tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25(3):195-200.
- Halperin S, De Serres G. Pertussis. In: Evans A, Brachman P, editors. Bacterial infections of humans: Epidemiology and control. New York: Springer; 2009. p. 577-96.
- Jackson LA, Yu O, Nelson J, Belongia EA, Hambidge SJ, Baxter R, et al. Risk of medically attended local reactions following diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines in adolescents and young adults: A Vaccine Safety Datalink study. Vaccine. 2009;27(36):4912-6.
- Marshall H, McMillan M, Andrews RM, Macartney K, Edwards K. Vaccines in pregnancy: The dual benefit for pregnant women and infants. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(4):848-56.
- McHugh L, Marshall HS, Perrett KP, Nolan T, Wood N, Lambert SB, et al. The safety of influenza and pertussis vaccination in pregnancy in a cohort of Australian mother-infant pairs, 2012–2015: The FluMum Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2018:ciy517-ciy.
- McLaurin-Jiang S, Garner CD, Krutsch K, Hale TW. Maternal and child symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination among breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeed Med. 2021 July 27. Available from: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/bfm.2021.0079
- Ministry of Health. Everything you need to know about flu 2021 [Internet]. Wellington: Ministry of Health; 2021. Cited 2021 August
- 1. Available from: http://www.influenza.org.nz
- Munoz FM. Pertussis in infants, children, and adolescents: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2006;17(1):14-9.
- Omer SB, Goodman D, Steinhoff MC, Rochat R, Klugman KP, Stoll BJ, et al. Maternal influenza immunization and reduced likelihood of prematurity and small for gestational age births: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS Medicine. 2011;8(5):e1000441.
- Omer SB, Bednarczyk RA, Madhi SA, Klugman KP. Benefits to mother and child of influenza vaccination during pregnancy. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics. 2012;8(1):130-7.
- Omer SB. Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants by maternal influenza vaccination status. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2013;32(11):1180-4.
- Omer SB, Zaman K, Roy E, Arifeen SE, Raqib R, Noory L, et al. Combined effects of antenatal receipt of influenza vaccine by mothers and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine receipt by infants: Results from a randomized, blinded, controlled trial. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2013;207(7):1144-7.
- Omer SB. Maternal immunization. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(13):1256-67.
- Poehling K, Szilagyi P, Staat M, Snively B, Payne D, Bridges C, et al. Impact of maternal immunization on influenza hospitalizations in infants. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2011;204(Suppl 6):S141-8.
- Sachs HC, Frattarelli DAC, Galinkin JL, Green TP, Johnson T, Neville K, et al. The transfer of drugs and therapeutics into human breast milk: An update on selected topics. Pediatrics. 2013;132(3):e796-809.
- Shaiba LA, Altirkawi K, Hadid A, Alsubaie S, Alharbi O, Alkhalaf H, et al. COVID-19 disease in infants less than 90 days: Case series. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:674899.
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- Sheffield JS, Greer LG, Rogers VL, Roberts SW, Lytle H, McIntire DD, et al. Effect of influenza vaccination in the first trimester of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;120(3):532-7.
- Shimabukuro TT, Kim SY, Myers TR, Moro PL, Oduyebo T, Panagiotakopoulos L, et al. Preliminary findings of mRNA Covid-19 vaccine safety in pregnant persons. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(24):2273-82.
- Sukumaran L, McCarthy NL, Kharbanda EO, Weintraub ES, Vazquez-Benitez G, McNeil MM, et al. Safety of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis and influenza vaccinations in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(5):1069-74.
- van Santen KL, Bednarczyk RA, Adjaye-Gbewonyo D, Orenstein WA, Davis R, Omer SB. Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants by maternal influenza vaccination status. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2013;32(11):1180-4.
- Winter K, Cherry JD, Harriman K. Effectiveness of prenatal tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccination on pertussis severity in infants. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64(1):9-14.
- Yih WK, Nordin JD, Kulldorff M, Lewis E, Lieu TA, Shi P, et al. An assessment of the safety of adolescent and adult tetanus– diphtheria–acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine, using active surveillance for adverse events in the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Vaccine. 2009;27(32):4257-62.
- Zaman K, Roy E, Arifeen S, Rahman M, Raqib R, Wilson E, et al. Effectiveness of maternal influenza immunization in mothers and infants. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359(15):1555-64.
- Zerbo O, Modaressi S, Chan B, Goddard K, Lewis N, Bok K, et al. No association between influenza vaccination during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Vaccine. 2017;35(24):3186-90.
- Zheteyeva YA, Moro PL, Tepper NK, Rasmussen SA, Barash FE, Revzina NV, et al. Adverse event reports after tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines in pregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012; 207(1):59.e1-7.
